概要：并列句。同对比关系相反，比较关系表示意义上的相似关系。表示比较关系的词和短语主要有：similarly, like, just as, also, as well as 等。例5.A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun.What does the underlined word “hassle” (paragraph 1) probably mean? （2002年NMET）A.a party designed by specialists B.a plan requiring careful thoughtC.a situation causing difficulty or trouble D.a demand made by guests[分析]根据对比关系，这里hassle 和 a basket of fun 是
高考英语阅读理解专题指导－猜测词义题,标签：英语复习方法,高中英语学习方法,http://www.85jc.com例5.A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun.
What does the underlined word “hassle” (paragraph 1) probably mean? （2002年NMET）
A.a party designed by specialists B.a plan requiring careful thought
C.a situation causing difficulty or trouble D.a demand made by guests
[分析]根据对比关系，这里hassle 和 a basket of fun 是相反的意义，很容易判断理解题的答案为C。
例6.Green loves to talk, and his brothers are similarly loquacious.
该句中副词similarly表明短语loves to talk和loquacious 之间的比较关系，其意义相近。由此我们可推断出loquacious的意思是“健谈的”。
2.根据因果关系猜测词义
在句子或段落中，若两个事物现象之间构成因果关系，我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推测生词词义。
例7.feel that since you are my superior , it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .”
（2005年上海卷）
The word “presumptuous” in the middle of the passage is closest in meaning to “ ” .
A．full of respect B．too confident and rude C．lacking in experience D．too shy and quiet www.85jc.com
[分析]根据since 引导的原因状语从句的内容（“既然你是我的上司”），我们可以推断这里presumptuous的意思是：“冒失的，放肆的”意思，后半句的意思是：我告诉你怎么做会是一种放肆/冒失的行为。对应的理解题答案为：B。
例8.Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots,or young leaves.（2005年江西卷）
根据原因状语从句的内容，我们可以判断Pruning的意思是：“修剪（树枝等）”的意思。
3.根据说明、并列、同等同义近义、、反义等关系猜测词义
在句子或段落中，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境所表面的关系猜测词义。
例9.William Shakespeare said. “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn（纱线），good and ill together.” （2005年江苏卷）
The underlined word “mingled” in the last paragraph most probably means .
A．simple B．mixed C．sad D．happy
[分析]句中good and ill together 更具体地说明了a mingled yarn的意义，据此我们不难推测mingled的意思是：“混合的，交织的”。
例10.Is it possible to beat high blood pressure without drugs ? The answer is “yes”, according to the researchers at Johns Hopkins and three other medical centers. （2004年湖北卷）
[分析]根据and three other medical centers 这种并列关系，我们很容易推断出：Johns Hopkins是一家医疗中心。
例11.There is no reason to insult and defame the man simply because you do not agree with him.
[分析]根据与insult“侮辱”的同等关系猜测defame为“诋毁” ，“中伤”或“诽谤”
例12.The game Americans call soccer is known around the world as football.
[分析]运用与football的同义关系推断为“足球”。
例13.The house stood at the end of a quiet neat street. The little dwelling,however,looked neglected and cheerless.
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