概要:4、省略表语。e.g. Are you thirsty? Yes, I am (thirsty).5、同时省略几个成分。e.g. Let's meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday. Have you finished your work? (I have) Not (finished my work) yet.(二)并列句中的省略两个并列分句中,后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。e.g. My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse.I study at college and my sister (studies) at high school.(三)主从复合句中的省略1、主句中有一些成分被省略。e.g. (I'm) Sorry to hear that you are ill.(It is a) Pity that he missed such a good chance.2、省略了一个从句或
语法复习五:强调句、It的用法、省略和插入语,标签:高中英语语法大全,http://www.85jc.com4、省略表语。
e.g. ---- Are you thirsty? ---- Yes, I am (thirsty).
5、同时省略几个成分。
e.g. Let's meet at the same place as (we met) yesterday.
---- Have you finished your work? ---- (I have) Not (finished my work) yet.
(二)并列句中的省略
两个并列分句中,后一个分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分。
e.g. My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse.
I study at college and my sister (studies) at high school.
(三)主从复合句中的省略
1、主句中有一些成分被省略。
e.g. (I'm) Sorry to hear that you are ill.
(It is a) Pity that he missed such a good chance.
2、省略了一个从句或从句的一部分,用so或not(切不可用it或that)代替。
e.g. ---- Is he coming back tonight? ---- I think so.
---- Is he feeling better today? ---- I'm afraid not.
这种用法常见的有:How so? Why so? Is that so? I hope so. He said so 及I suppose not. I believed not. I hope not等。(但I don't think so比I think not更常用)。
(四)其它省略
1、连词that的省略:
①、宾语从句中常省略连词that,但也有不能省略的情况(参看"名词性从句"等有关部分)。
②、在定语从句中,that在从句中作宾语时可省略。
③、引导主语从句、同位语从句等的连词that一般不可省略。在表语从句中偶尔可省略。
2、不定式符号to的省略
①、并列的不定式可省去后面的to。
e.g. I told him to sit down and wait for a moment.
②、某些使役动词(如let, make, have)及感官动词(如see, watch, notice, hear, feel, look at和listen to等)后面作宾语补足的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须把to复原。
e.g. ---- I saw the boy fall from the tree. ---- The boy was seen to fall from the tree.
③、介词but前若有动词do,后面的不定式不带to。
e.g. The boy did nothing but play.
3、在某些状语从句中,从句的主语与主句主语一致时,可省去"主语 + be"部分。(参看"状语从句"有关部分)
4、连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略,但后面的语序有变化(参见"倒装句"有关部分)
5、主句与从句各有一些成分省略。
e.g. The sooner (you do it), the better (it will be).
四、插入语
英语句子中(尤其在口语中)常插入一些单词、短语或者句子,用来补充某些含义。语法上称他们为"插入语"。
(一)插入语的类型:
1、单词(多是副词),如:besides, however, otherwise, therefore, though等。
e.g. She is looking fit, though. 他看起来倒是健康。
I can, however, discuss this when I see you.
2、短语
e.g. China and India, for example, are neighbours.
By the way, where are you from?
3、句子
e.g. He is an honest man, I believe.
Jack, as far as I know, isn't clever.
(二)插入语的位置
通常插入语位于句中,并用逗号隔开。但有时,也可位于句首或句末(见上面例句)。也有时,并不用逗号隔开。
e.g. You know that I think you are wrong. 我认为,你明白你错了。
What on earth do you mean? 你究竟是什么意思?
(三)插入语在句中的作用
一般来说,插入语在句中不起主要作用。如果把插入语抽去,句子的含义不大受影响。但是,有的插入语却是句子不可缺少的一部分。
e.g. He got the news from nobody knows where. 他这消息谁也不知道是从哪儿得来的。
(四)插入语的特殊用法
下面这种复杂的特殊疑问句,也可认为包含有"插入语"。这种疑问句(有的语法书也称为"混合疑问句"或"连锁疑问句")常用来征询对方对某一疑问点的看法、判断、认识、猜度或请求对方重复一遍说过的话。口语中出现频率极高。常用动词有say, suppose, guess, believe, consider, think, imagine 等。
e.g. How long did you say she would stay here?
When do you suppose they'll be back?
How old did you think she was
(五)大纲中要求掌握的常用作插入语的词语
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